[feat](trx-backend): add ft450d cat backend

Co-authored-by: OpenAI <assistant@openai.com>
Signed-off-by: Stanislaw Grams <stanislawgrams@gmail.com>

Cargo.lock

@@ -2347,10 +2347,22 @@ dependencies = [
  "tokio",
  "tokio-serial",
  "tracing",
+ "trx-backend-ft450d",
  "trx-backend-ft817",
  "trx-core",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "trx-backend-ft450d"
+version = "0.1.0"
+dependencies = [
+ "serde",
+ "tokio",
+ "tokio-serial",
+ "tracing",
+ "trx-core",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "trx-backend-ft817"
 version = "0.1.0"
@@ -2453,6 +2465,14 @@ dependencies = [
  "trx-frontend",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "trx-ft8"
+version = "0.1.0"
+dependencies = [
+ "cc",
+ "libc",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "trx-server"
 version = "0.1.0"
@@ -2472,6 +2492,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "tracing-subscriber",
  "trx-backend",
  "trx-core",
+ "trx-ft8",
 ]
 
 [[package]]

Cargo.toml

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ members = [
     "src/trx-server",
     "src/trx-server/trx-backend",
     "src/trx-server/trx-backend/trx-backend-ft817",
+    "src/trx-server/trx-backend/trx-backend-ft450d",
     "src/trx-client",
     "src/trx-client/trx-frontend",
     "src/trx-client/trx-frontend/trx-frontend-http",

src/trx-server/src/config.rs

@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ impl Default for GeneralConfig {
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]
 #[serde(default)]
 pub struct RigConfig {
-    /// Rig model (e.g., "ft817", "ic7300")
+    /// Rig model (e.g., "ft817", "ft450d", "ic7300")
     pub model: Option<String>,
     /// Initial frequency (Hz) for the rig state before first CAT read
     pub initial_freq_hz: u64,

src/trx-server/src/main.rs

@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ struct Cli {
     /// Print example configuration and exit
     #[arg(long = "print-config")]
     print_config: bool,
-    /// Rig backend to use (e.g. ft817)
+    /// Rig backend to use (e.g. ft817, ft450d)
     #[arg(short = 'r', long = "rig")]
     rig: Option<String>,
     /// Access method to reach the rig CAT interface

src/trx-server/trx-backend/Cargo.toml

@@ -8,12 +8,14 @@ version = "0.1.0"
 edition = "2021"
 
 [features]
-default = ["ft817"]
+default = ["ft817", "ft450d"]
 ft817 = ["dep:trx-backend-ft817"]
+ft450d = ["dep:trx-backend-ft450d"]
 
 [dependencies]
 trx-core = { path = "../../trx-core" }
 trx-backend-ft817 = { path = "trx-backend-ft817", optional = true }
+trx-backend-ft450d = { path = "trx-backend-ft450d", optional = true }
 tokio = { workspace = true, features = ["full"] }
 tokio-serial = { workspace = true }
 serde = { workspace = true, features = ["derive"] }

src/trx-server/trx-backend/src/lib.rs

@@ -12,6 +12,8 @@ mod dummy;
 
 #[cfg(feature = "ft817")]
 use trx_backend_ft817::Ft817;
+#[cfg(feature = "ft450d")]
+use trx_backend_ft450d::Ft450d;
 
 /// Connection details for instantiating a rig backend.
 #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
@@ -58,6 +60,8 @@ pub fn register_builtin_backends() {
     register_backend("dummy", dummy_factory);
     #[cfg(feature = "ft817")]
     register_backend("ft817", ft817_factory);
+    #[cfg(feature = "ft450d")]
+    register_backend("ft450d", ft450d_factory);
 }
 
 fn dummy_factory(_access: RigAccess) -> DynResult<Box<dyn RigCat>> {
@@ -97,3 +101,11 @@ fn ft817_factory(access: RigAccess) -> DynResult<Box<dyn RigCat>> {
         RigAccess::Tcp { .. } => Err("FT-817 only supports serial CAT access".into()),
     }
 }
+
+#[cfg(feature = "ft450d")]
+fn ft450d_factory(access: RigAccess) -> DynResult<Box<dyn RigCat>> {
+    match access {
+        RigAccess::Serial { path, baud } => Ok(Box::new(Ft450d::new(&path, baud)?)),
+        RigAccess::Tcp { .. } => Err("FT-450D only supports serial CAT access".into()),
+    }
+}

src/trx-server/trx-backend/trx-backend-ft450d/Cargo.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2025 Stanislaw Grams <stanislawgrams@gmail.com>
+#
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause
+
+[package]
+name = "trx-backend-ft450d"
+version = "0.1.0"
+edition = "2021"
+
+[dependencies]
+trx-core = { path = "../../../trx-core" }
+tokio = { workspace = true, features = ["full"] }
+tokio-serial = { workspace = true }
+tracing = { workspace = true }
+serde = { workspace = true, features = ["derive"] }

src/trx-server/trx-backend/trx-backend-ft450d/src/lib.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,528 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2025 Stanislaw Grams <stanislawgrams@gmail.com>
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause
+
+use std::pin::Pin;
+
+use tokio::io::{AsyncReadExt, AsyncWriteExt};
+use tokio::time::{timeout, Duration};
+use tokio_serial::{ClearBuffer, SerialPort, SerialPortBuilderExt, SerialStream};
+
+use trx_core::radio::freq::{Band, Freq};
+use trx_core::rig::{
+    Rig, RigAccessMethod, RigCapabilities, RigCat, RigInfo, RigStatusFuture, RigVfo, RigVfoEntry,
+};
+use trx_core::{DynResult, RigMode};
+
+/// Backend for Yaesu FT-450D CAT control.
+pub struct Ft450d {
+    port: SerialStream,
+    info: RigInfo,
+    vfo_side: Ft450dVfoSide,
+    vfo_a_freq: Option<Freq>,
+    vfo_b_freq: Option<Freq>,
+    vfo_a_mode: Option<RigMode>,
+    vfo_b_mode: Option<RigMode>,
+}
+
+impl Ft450d {
+    const READ_TIMEOUT: Duration = Duration::from_millis(800);
+
+    pub fn new(path: &str, baud: u32) -> DynResult<Self> {
+        let builder = tokio_serial::new(path, baud);
+        let port = builder.open_native_async()?;
+        let info = RigInfo {
+            manufacturer: "Yaesu".to_string(),
+            model: "FT-450D".to_string(),
+            revision: "".to_string(),
+            capabilities: RigCapabilities {
+                supported_bands: vec![
+                    // Transmit-capable amateur bands (HF + 6m)
+                    Band {
+                        low_hz: 1_800_000,
+                        high_hz: 2_000_000,
+                        tx_allowed: true,
+                    },
+                    Band {
+                        low_hz: 3_500_000,
+                        high_hz: 4_000_000,
+                        tx_allowed: true,
+                    },
+                    Band {
+                        low_hz: 5_250_000,
+                        high_hz: 5_450_000,
+                        tx_allowed: true,
+                    },
+                    Band {
+                        low_hz: 7_000_000,
+                        high_hz: 7_300_000,
+                        tx_allowed: true,
+                    },
+                    Band {
+                        low_hz: 10_100_000,
+                        high_hz: 10_150_000,
+                        tx_allowed: true,
+                    },
+                    Band {
+                        low_hz: 14_000_000,
+                        high_hz: 14_350_000,
+                        tx_allowed: true,
+                    },
+                    Band {
+                        low_hz: 18_068_000,
+                        high_hz: 18_168_000,
+                        tx_allowed: true,
+                    },
+                    Band {
+                        low_hz: 21_000_000,
+                        high_hz: 21_450_000,
+                        tx_allowed: true,
+                    },
+                    Band {
+                        low_hz: 24_890_000,
+                        high_hz: 24_990_000,
+                        tx_allowed: true,
+                    },
+                    Band {
+                        low_hz: 28_000_000,
+                        high_hz: 29_700_000,
+                        tx_allowed: true,
+                    },
+                    Band {
+                        low_hz: 50_000_000,
+                        high_hz: 54_000_000,
+                        tx_allowed: true,
+                    },
+                    // Receive-only coverage segments (general coverage)
+                    Band {
+                        low_hz: 30_000,
+                        high_hz: 1_799_999,
+                        tx_allowed: false,
+                    },
+                    Band {
+                        low_hz: 2_000_001,
+                        high_hz: 3_499_999,
+                        tx_allowed: false,
+                    },
+                    Band {
+                        low_hz: 4_000_001,
+                        high_hz: 5_249_999,
+                        tx_allowed: false,
+                    },
+                    Band {
+                        low_hz: 5_450_001,
+                        high_hz: 6_999_999,
+                        tx_allowed: false,
+                    },
+                    Band {
+                        low_hz: 7_300_001,
+                        high_hz: 10_099_999,
+                        tx_allowed: false,
+                    },
+                    Band {
+                        low_hz: 10_150_001,
+                        high_hz: 13_999_999,
+                        tx_allowed: false,
+                    },
+                    Band {
+                        low_hz: 14_350_001,
+                        high_hz: 18_067_999,
+                        tx_allowed: false,
+                    },
+                    Band {
+                        low_hz: 18_168_001,
+                        high_hz: 20_999_999,
+                        tx_allowed: false,
+                    },
+                    Band {
+                        low_hz: 21_450_001,
+                        high_hz: 24_889_999,
+                        tx_allowed: false,
+                    },
+                    Band {
+                        low_hz: 24_990_001,
+                        high_hz: 27_999_999,
+                        tx_allowed: false,
+                    },
+                    Band {
+                        low_hz: 29_700_001,
+                        high_hz: 49_999_999,
+                        tx_allowed: false,
+                    },
+                    Band {
+                        low_hz: 54_000_001,
+                        high_hz: 56_000_000,
+                        tx_allowed: false,
+                    },
+                ],
+                supported_modes: vec![
+                    RigMode::LSB,
+                    RigMode::USB,
+                    RigMode::CW,
+                    RigMode::CWR,
+                    RigMode::AM,
+                    RigMode::WFM,
+                    RigMode::FM,
+                    RigMode::DIG,
+                    RigMode::PKT,
+                ],
+                num_vfos: 2,
+                // CAT only exposes lock and VFO toggle; the other features are panel-only.
+                lockable: true,
+                attenuator: false,
+                preamp: false,
+                rit: false,
+                rpt: false,
+                split: false,
+                lock: true,
+            },
+            access: RigAccessMethod::Serial {
+                path: path.to_string(),
+                baud,
+            },
+        };
+        Ok(Self {
+            port,
+            info,
+            vfo_side: Ft450dVfoSide::Unknown,
+            vfo_a_freq: None,
+            vfo_b_freq: None,
+            vfo_a_mode: None,
+            vfo_b_mode: None,
+        })
+    }
+
+    /// Query current status (frequency, mode, VFO) from FT-450D.
+    pub async fn get_status(&mut self) -> DynResult<(Freq, RigMode, Option<RigVfo>)> {
+        let (hz, mode) = self.read_status().await?;
+        let freq = Freq { hz };
+        self.update_vfo_freq(freq);
+        self.update_vfo_mode(mode.clone());
+        let mut entries = Vec::new();
+        if let Some(a) = self.vfo_a_freq {
+            entries.push(RigVfoEntry {
+                name: "A".to_string(),
+                freq: a,
+                mode: self.vfo_a_mode.clone(),
+            });
+        }
+        if let Some(b) = self.vfo_b_freq {
+            entries.push(RigVfoEntry {
+                name: "B".to_string(),
+                freq: b,
+                mode: self.vfo_b_mode.clone(),
+            });
+        }
+        let active = match self.vfo_side {
+            Ft450dVfoSide::A if self.vfo_a_freq.is_some() => Some(0),
+            Ft450dVfoSide::B if self.vfo_a_freq.is_some() => Some(1),
+            Ft450dVfoSide::B if self.vfo_a_freq.is_none() && self.vfo_b_freq.is_some() => Some(0),
+            _ => None,
+        };
+        let vfo = if entries.is_empty() {
+            None
+        } else {
+            Some(RigVfo { entries, active })
+        };
+        Ok((freq, mode, vfo))
+    }
+
+    /// Query current frequency from FT-450D.
+    pub async fn get_freq(&mut self) -> DynResult<Freq> {
+        let (freq, _, _) = self.get_status().await?;
+        Ok(freq)
+    }
+
+    /// Query current mode from FT-450D.
+    pub async fn get_mode(&mut self) -> DynResult<RigMode> {
+        let (_, mode, _) = self.get_status().await?;
+        Ok(mode)
+    }
+
+    /// Send CAT command to set frequency on FT-450D.
+    pub async fn set_freq(&mut self, freq: Freq) -> DynResult<()> {
+        self.write_cmd(&format!("FA{:08};", freq.hz)).await?;
+        self.update_vfo_freq(freq);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    /// Send CAT command to set mode on FT-450D.
+    pub async fn set_mode(&mut self, mode: &RigMode) -> DynResult<()> {
+        let mode_code = encode_mode(mode)?;
+        self.write_cmd(&format!("MD0{};", mode_code)).await?;
+        self.update_vfo_mode(mode.clone());
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    /// Send CAT command to control PTT on FT-450D.
+    pub async fn set_ptt(&mut self, ptt: bool) -> DynResult<()> {
+        let cmd = if ptt { "TX1;" } else { "TX0;" };
+        self.write_cmd(cmd).await?;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    /// Turn the radio on via CAT. The first frame is ignored while the CPU wakes,
+    /// so send a dummy payload before issuing the actual command.
+    pub async fn power_on(&mut self) -> DynResult<()> {
+        self.write_cmd("PS1;").await?;
+        tokio::time::sleep(std::time::Duration::from_millis(1000)).await;
+        let _ = self.port.clear(ClearBuffer::Input);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    /// Turn the radio off via CAT.
+    pub async fn power_off(&mut self) -> DynResult<()> {
+        self.write_cmd("PS0;").await?;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    /// Toggle between VFO A/B.
+    pub async fn toggle_vfo(&mut self) -> DynResult<()> {
+        Err("VFO toggle not supported on FT-450D backend".into())
+    }
+
+    /// Enable front panel lock.
+    pub async fn lock(&mut self) -> DynResult<()> {
+        self.write_cmd("LK1;").await?;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    /// Disable front panel lock.
+    pub async fn unlock(&mut self) -> DynResult<()> {
+        self.write_cmd("LK0;").await?;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    /// Read the current signal strength meter (S-meter/PWR) from the radio.
+    ///
+    /// The returned value is the raw CAT meter byte (0-255). In receive it
+    /// represents S-meter level; in transmit it reports power/ALC depending on
+    /// rig state.
+    pub async fn get_signal_strength(&mut self) -> DynResult<u8> {
+        self.read_meter("SM0;").await
+    }
+
+    /// Read the current transmit power indication (raw meter value).
+    ///
+    /// The FT-450D reports the same meter byte for TX power as for the S-meter;
+    /// callers should interpret based on current PTT state.
+    pub async fn get_tx_power(&mut self) -> DynResult<u8> {
+        self.read_meter("RM5;").await
+    }
+
+    async fn read_status(&mut self) -> DynResult<(u64, RigMode)> {
+        let freq = self.read_freq().await?;
+        let mode = self.read_mode().await?;
+        Ok((freq, mode))
+    }
+
+    async fn read_meter(&mut self, cmd: &str) -> DynResult<u8> {
+        let resp = self.query(cmd).await?;
+        let digits: String = resp.chars().filter(|c| c.is_ascii_digit()).collect();
+        let value: u16 = digits.parse().map_err(|_| "CAT meter parse failed")?;
+        Ok(value.min(255) as u8)
+    }
+
+    async fn read_freq(&mut self) -> DynResult<u64> {
+        let resp = self.query("FA;").await?;
+        let data = resp.strip_prefix("FA").ok_or("CAT freq response missing FA")?;
+        let digits: String = data.chars().filter(|c| c.is_ascii_digit()).collect();
+        let freq: u64 = digits.parse().map_err(|_| "CAT freq parse failed")?;
+        Ok(freq)
+    }
+
+    async fn read_mode(&mut self) -> DynResult<RigMode> {
+        let resp = self.query("MD0;").await?;
+        let data = resp.strip_prefix("MD").ok_or("CAT mode response missing MD")?;
+        let code = data.chars().last().ok_or("CAT mode parse failed")?;
+        Ok(decode_mode(code))
+    }
+
+    async fn write_cmd(&mut self, cmd: &str) -> DynResult<()> {
+        self.port.write_all(cmd.as_bytes()).await?;
+        self.port.flush().await?;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    async fn read_response(&mut self) -> DynResult<String> {
+        let mut buf = Vec::new();
+        let read = async {
+            loop {
+                let mut byte = [0u8; 1];
+                self.port.read_exact(&mut byte).await?;
+                if byte[0] == b';' {
+                    break;
+                }
+                buf.push(byte[0]);
+            }
+            Ok::<(), std::io::Error>(())
+        };
+        timeout(Self::READ_TIMEOUT, read)
+            .await
+            .map_err(|_| "CAT read timeout")??;
+        Ok(String::from_utf8_lossy(&buf).to_string())
+    }
+
+    async fn query(&mut self, cmd: &str) -> DynResult<String> {
+        let _ = self.port.clear(ClearBuffer::Input);
+        self.write_cmd(cmd).await?;
+        self.read_response().await
+    }
+
+    fn update_vfo_freq(&mut self, freq: Freq) {
+        match self.vfo_side {
+            Ft450dVfoSide::A => self.vfo_a_freq = Some(freq),
+            Ft450dVfoSide::B => self.vfo_b_freq = Some(freq),
+            Ft450dVfoSide::Unknown => {
+                // Try to infer which VFO we are on using cached values; default to A only.
+                if self.vfo_b_freq.map(|f| f.hz == freq.hz).unwrap_or(false)
+                    && self.vfo_a_freq.is_none()
+                {
+                    self.vfo_side = Ft450dVfoSide::B;
+                    self.vfo_b_freq = Some(freq);
+                } else {
+                    self.vfo_side = Ft450dVfoSide::A;
+                    self.vfo_a_freq = Some(freq);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn update_vfo_mode(&mut self, mode: RigMode) {
+        match self.vfo_side {
+            Ft450dVfoSide::A => self.vfo_a_mode = Some(mode),
+            Ft450dVfoSide::B => self.vfo_b_mode = Some(mode),
+            Ft450dVfoSide::Unknown => {
+                // Default to current VFO (assume A) when unknown.
+                self.vfo_a_mode = Some(mode);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl Rig for Ft450d {
+    fn info(&self) -> &RigInfo {
+        &self.info
+    }
+}
+
+impl RigCat for Ft450d {
+    fn get_status<'a>(&'a mut self) -> RigStatusFuture<'a> {
+        Box::pin(async move { self.get_status().await })
+    }
+
+    fn set_freq<'a>(
+        &'a mut self,
+        freq: Freq,
+    ) -> Pin<Box<dyn std::future::Future<Output = DynResult<()>> + Send + 'a>> {
+        Box::pin(async move { Ft450d::set_freq(self, freq).await })
+    }
+
+    fn set_mode<'a>(
+        &'a mut self,
+        mode: RigMode,
+    ) -> Pin<Box<dyn std::future::Future<Output = DynResult<()>> + Send + 'a>> {
+        Box::pin(async move { Ft450d::set_mode(self, &mode).await })
+    }
+
+    fn set_ptt<'a>(
+        &'a mut self,
+        ptt: bool,
+    ) -> Pin<Box<dyn std::future::Future<Output = DynResult<()>> + Send + 'a>> {
+        Box::pin(async move { Ft450d::set_ptt(self, ptt).await })
+    }
+
+    fn power_on<'a>(
+        &'a mut self,
+    ) -> Pin<Box<dyn std::future::Future<Output = DynResult<()>> + Send + 'a>> {
+        Box::pin(async move { Ft450d::power_on(self).await })
+    }
+
+    fn power_off<'a>(
+        &'a mut self,
+    ) -> Pin<Box<dyn std::future::Future<Output = DynResult<()>> + Send + 'a>> {
+        Box::pin(async move { Ft450d::power_off(self).await })
+    }
+
+    fn get_signal_strength<'a>(
+        &'a mut self,
+    ) -> Pin<Box<dyn std::future::Future<Output = DynResult<u8>> + Send + 'a>> {
+        Box::pin(async move { Ft450d::get_signal_strength(self).await })
+    }
+
+    fn get_tx_power<'a>(
+        &'a mut self,
+    ) -> Pin<Box<dyn std::future::Future<Output = DynResult<u8>> + Send + 'a>> {
+        Box::pin(async move { Ft450d::get_tx_power(self).await })
+    }
+
+    fn get_tx_limit<'a>(
+        &'a mut self,
+    ) -> Pin<Box<dyn std::future::Future<Output = DynResult<u8>> + Send + 'a>> {
+        Box::pin(async move { Err("TX limit query not supported on FT-450D".into()) })
+    }
+
+    fn set_tx_limit<'a>(
+        &'a mut self,
+        _limit: u8,
+    ) -> Pin<Box<dyn std::future::Future<Output = DynResult<()>> + Send + 'a>> {
+        Box::pin(async move { Err("TX limit setting not supported on FT-450D".into()) })
+    }
+
+    fn toggle_vfo<'a>(
+        &'a mut self,
+    ) -> Pin<Box<dyn std::future::Future<Output = DynResult<()>> + Send + 'a>> {
+        Box::pin(async move { Ft450d::toggle_vfo(self).await })
+    }
+
+    fn lock<'a>(
+        &'a mut self,
+    ) -> Pin<Box<dyn std::future::Future<Output = DynResult<()>> + Send + 'a>> {
+        Box::pin(async move { Ft450d::lock(self).await })
+    }
+
+    fn unlock<'a>(
+        &'a mut self,
+    ) -> Pin<Box<dyn std::future::Future<Output = DynResult<()>> + Send + 'a>> {
+        Box::pin(async move { Ft450d::unlock(self).await })
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy)]
+enum Ft450dVfoSide {
+    A,
+    B,
+    Unknown,
+}
+
+fn encode_mode(mode: &RigMode) -> DynResult<char> {
+    match mode {
+        RigMode::LSB => Ok('1'),
+        RigMode::USB => Ok('2'),
+        RigMode::CW => Ok('3'),
+        RigMode::FM => Ok('4'),
+        RigMode::AM => Ok('5'),
+        RigMode::DIG => Ok('6'),
+        RigMode::CWR => Ok('7'),
+        RigMode::PKT => Ok('9'),
+        RigMode::WFM => Ok('4'),
+        RigMode::Other(_) => Err("Unsupported mode for FT-450D".into()),
+    }
+}
+
+fn decode_mode(code: char) -> RigMode {
+    match code {
+        '1' => RigMode::LSB,
+        '2' => RigMode::USB,
+        '3' => RigMode::CW,
+        '4' => RigMode::FM,
+        '5' => RigMode::AM,
+        '6' => RigMode::DIG,
+        '7' => RigMode::CWR,
+        '8' => RigMode::DIG,
+        '9' => RigMode::PKT,
+        'B' | 'b' => RigMode::FM,
+        'C' | 'c' => RigMode::DIG,
+        other => RigMode::Other(format!("mode {}", other)),
+    }
+}